Continuing my translations for my daughter, Sreya…
Reiterating that these poems usually feature very few players, repeat very few actions. There is the hero, heroine (wife or lover), friend of the heroine, mother of the heroine and sometimes the “other” woman, a courtesan. How many interactions are possible between these? Kurunthokai brilliantly comes with endless varieties…
The verses are usually categorized by the landscape where it takes place. There are 5 categories – hilly landscape, grazing pasture, agrarian landscape, seashore and desert. Among these, the courtesan, the “other” woman is a recurring motif in the agrarian landscape.
The courtesan says:
He who owns the fields where the fish catch the ripe mangoes
Speaks big, trying to impress me
But like a puppet that moves its arms and legs as the puppeteer moves the strings
Always obeys the mother of his son
By Alangudi Vanganar, Agrarian Landscape (Marutham)
Obviously, it is the “other” woman, the courtesan, who speaks these words. Her contempt for the man comes out brilliantly. The images evoked by this verse makes me smile. The fish that catches ripe mangoes = mangoes are that low on the tree or the fishes just jump up and catch falling mangoes; the wife, nay, the mother of his children as the puppeteer!
Why the fish image? At first, it feels like there is no connection between the courtesan’s irritation and the fish. First if there are fishes in the fields, the hero must own very fertile fields which are well irrigated. And if mangoes are easily available to fish and nobody is actually plucking them, then the hero must be rich, making him attractive for courtesan. And the courtesan is irritated that such a good “catch” is under the thumb of his wife, and his promises turn out empty…
பரத்தை கூற்று:
கழனி மாஅத்து விளைந்துகு தீம்பழம்
பழன வாளை கதூஉ மூரன்
எம்மிற் பெருமொழி கூறித் தம்மிற்
கையும் காலுந் தூக்கத் தூக்கும்
ஆடியல் பாவை போல
மேவன செய்யுந்தன் புதல்வன் றாய்க்கே
— ஆலங்குடி வங்கனார், மருதத்திணை
தண்ணீரில் விழும் மாம்பழத்தை உண்டு மகிழும் வாளை மீன்கள் நிறைந்த வயல்களை உடைய தலைவன் ஆகாயத்தைக் கொண்டு வருவேன் என்று பெரிதாக நிறைய பேசுவான்; ஆனால் அவன் மகனின் தாய் ஆட்டுவிக்கும் படி கைகாலைத் தூக்கி ஆடும் பொம்மைதான் அவன்!
தொகுக்கப்பட்ட பக்கம்: குறுந்தொகை பக்கம் (Kurunthokai)